{"id":812,"date":"2021-01-15T11:08:55","date_gmt":"2021-01-15T16:08:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=812"},"modified":"2021-03-29T14:32:16","modified_gmt":"2021-03-29T18:32:16","slug":"9-24-successful-aging","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/chapter\/9-24-successful-aging\/","title":{"raw":"9.24: Successful Aging","rendered":"9.24: Successful Aging"},"content":{"raw":"Although definitions of successful aging are value-laden, Rowe and Kahn (1997) defined three criteria of successful aging that are useful for research and behavioral interventions. They include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Relative avoidance of disease, disability, and risk factors, like high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Maintenance of high physical and cognitive functioning<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Active engagement in social and productive activities<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFor example, research has demonstrated that age-related declines in cognitive functioning across the adult life span may be slowed through physical exercise and lifestyle interventions (Kramer &amp; Erickson, 2007).\r\n\r\nAnother way that older adults can respond to the challenges of aging is through compensation. Specifically, <strong>selective optimization with compensation\u00a0<\/strong>is used when the elder <em>makes adjustments, as needed, in order to continue living as independently and actively as possible <\/em>(Baltes &amp; Dickson, 2001)<strong>. <\/strong>When older adults lose functioning, referred to as loss-based selection, they may first use new resources\/technologies or continually practice tasks to maintain their skills. However, when tasks become too difficult, they may compensate by choosing other ways to achieve their goals. For example, a person who can no longer drive needs to find alternative transportation, or a person who is compensating for having less energy, learns how to reorganize the daily routine to avoid over-exertion.","rendered":"<p>Although definitions of successful aging are value-laden, Rowe and Kahn (1997) defined three criteria of successful aging that are useful for research and behavioral interventions. They include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Relative avoidance of disease, disability, and risk factors, like high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity<\/li>\n<li>Maintenance of high physical and cognitive functioning<\/li>\n<li>Active engagement in social and productive activities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For example, research has demonstrated that age-related declines in cognitive functioning across the adult life span may be slowed through physical exercise and lifestyle interventions (Kramer &amp; Erickson, 2007).<\/p>\n<p>Another way that older adults can respond to the challenges of aging is through compensation. Specifically, <strong>selective optimization with compensation\u00a0<\/strong>is used when the elder <em>makes adjustments, as needed, in order to continue living as independently and actively as possible <\/em>(Baltes &amp; Dickson, 2001)<strong>. <\/strong>When older adults lose functioning, referred to as loss-based selection, they may first use new resources\/technologies or continually practice tasks to maintain their skills. However, when tasks become too difficult, they may compensate by choosing other ways to achieve their goals. For example, a person who can no longer drive needs to find alternative transportation, or a person who is compensating for having less energy, learns how to reorganize the daily routine to avoid over-exertion.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":24,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-812","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":749,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2663,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/812\/revisions\/2663"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/749"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/812\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=812"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=812"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opentextbooks.concordia.ca\/lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}